How close are we to space sunshades, mountaintop painting, 'fertilizing' the oceans with iron, and redirecting hurricanes? Closer than you might imagine. READ MORE
Michele Kearney's Environmental Blog - Environmental degradation and waning natural resources including energy resources threaten U.S. security. And the loss of renewable natural resources, including forests, fresh water, fish and fertile soils, can drive political instability and conflict in the developing world, and around the globe. In short, natural resoures, energy and the environment are national security issues.
Saturday, November 6, 2010
Friday, November 5, 2010
Climate and consumers biggest threats to future: UN
![]() UK official says 'negative forces' delaying US climate planHong Kong (AFP) Nov 4, 2010 - A British official said Thursday that "negative forces" in the United States are holding up a climate change policy, while praising China's efforts in adopting a low-carbon economy. John Ashton, special representative for climate change at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, said a tug-of-war between "positive forces" and "some very negative forces" was delaying a US plan on curbing the carbon emissions blamed for global warming. "There are plenty of positive forces (in the US), but there are some very negative forces too," he told a climate change conference in Hong Kong, without elaborating. "That will make it very difficult to move forward." Ashton praised a California referendum that rejected calls to freeze the state's own ambitious plan to curb emissions. "I take a lot of encouragement from that," he said. Leaders of the Republican Party, which took control of the House of Representatives and made gains in the Senate at elections this week, opposed a bill last year to impose the first US restrictions on carbon emissions. Ashton on Thursday said Beijing's "high ambition" on climate-change policy was "in some ways stronger... than anywhere else". China has set itself a target to reduce carbon emissions per unit of gross domestic product -- or carbon intensity -- in 2020 by 40-45 percent from 2005 levels. It invested a world-leading 34.6 billion dollars in clean energy initiatives last year -- 30 percent of the global total and nearly double US spending. China and the US -- the world's biggest polluters -- clashed at a United Nations climate gathering in October, accusing each other of blocking progress ahead of the UN's annual climate summit in Cancun, Mexico, this month. |
Highlighting the failure of last year's Copenhagen climate summit, it called for international commitment at events such as new UN-sponsored climate talks in Cancun, Mexico next month "if we are to face up to what may be the most serious threat the world has ever faced."
The report -- "The Real Wealth of Nations" says that overall most of the world has become wealthier, healthier and better educated over the past 20 years that the study has been released.
But it added: "The main threat to maintaining progress in human development comes from the increasingly evident unsustainability of production and consumption patterns."
"Increased exposure to drought, floods and environmental stress is a major impediment to realizing people's aspirations," said the UN Development Programme study.
With the world population expected to hit nine billion by 2050 and incomes rising, pressure on energy and fuel sources will grow, the report said.
http://www.terradaily.com/reports/Clim
ate_and_consumers_biggest_threats_to_future_UN_999.html
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- Obama's climate pessimism dims U.N., G20 outlook (reuters.com)
- Political will at home is key to climate change talks (leftfootforward.org)
- Climate change is main barrier to development - United Nations (telegraph.co.uk)
- UN climate finance report demands global tax hike (businessgreen.com)
- We Must Stop Climate Change and We Can Do it in Cancun (alternet.org)
- IEA fears oil price escalation without global climate deal (businessgreen.com)
- WWF prescribes recipe for climate success in Mexico (yubanet.com)
- UN calls for higher taxes to fund climate warning fight (newsinfo.inquirer.net)
- EU should join forces with China to create a joint carbon market (leftfootforward.org)
- Obama's climate pessimism dims U.N., G20 outlook (reuters.com)
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Simulating A Century Of Agriculture Impact On Land And Water
![]() Findings from simulations like this can help farmers, policymakers and conservation agents make informed decisions about best practices for managing farmland to reduce the environmental impact and enhance productivity. |
This can help determine the impact of certain conservation practices on farmland's crop yields and soil and water quality, said Ashish Mudgal, who recently completed his doctorate in soil science at MU.
Related articles
- Grad student simulates 100 years of farming to measure agriculture's impact on land and water quality (physorg.com)
- ScienceDaily: 'Evergreen agriculture' boosts crop yields, scientists find (sciencedaily.com)
- MU grad student simulates 100 years of farming to measure agriculture's impact on land and water quality (scienceblog.com)
- Are Biotechnology and sustainability complementary? The Economist wants your vote [Tomorrow's Table] (scienceblogs.com)
- does deforestation contribute to the spread of disease in haiti? (greenantilles.com)
- Fertilizer Trees & Evergreen Agriculture Could Really Boost African Food Production (treehugger.com)
- When Farming Turns Toxic: Time to Call it Quits in California? (food.change.org)
- Preventing Soil Erosion (brighthub.com)
- Scientists find that evergreen agriculture boosts crop yields (eurekalert.org)
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Climate Change 20,000 Years Ago Reversed Circulation Of Atlantic
![]() The study shows that the ocean circulation was very different in the past and that there was a period when the flow of deep waters in the Atlantic was reversed. This happened when the climate of the North Atlantic region was substantially colder and deep convection was weakened. |
An international team of investigators under the leadership of two researchers from the UAB now demonstrates the response of the Atlantic MOC to climate change in the past. The new research results will be published on 4 November 2010 in the international front-line journal NATURE.
Sign of the Times: Hearings on "Scientific Fraud" of Global Warming Expected FireDogLake
So the Republicans run and win a campaign in a treacherous economic environment, when people are desperate for something tangible to improve their situation in life. And the Republicans will start that new era by putting science on trial.
Fresh off a dramatic victory in which it retook the House leadership, the Republican Party intends to hold major hearings probing the supposed "scientific fraud" behind global climate change.What this Scopes Monkey trial for climate change won't do is create one new job or improve one life in America. Well, maybe some climate denier whose new book could get a bump.
The Atlantic's Marc Ambinder related the news in a little-noticed article Wednesday morning.
The effort is a likely attempt to out-step the White House on energy policy moving forward. Legislation on energy and climate change reform, one of President Barack Obama campaign promises, has yet to materialize, though Obama's EPA recently classified carbon dioxide as a pollutant.
Holding hearings would please the Republicans' conservative base, which increasingly doubts the scientific basis for global warming — especially human-induced global warming — and provide a reflection of the new GOP's tenor.
If show trials are really the answer the GOP thinks they have to the question of how to govern the country, this House majority could be a blip. More at:
http://news.firedoglake.com/2010/11/03/sig...rming-expected/
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- Sign of the Times: Hearings on "Scientific Fraud" of Global Warming Expected (news.firedoglake.com)
- Global Warming Likely to Get Cool Reception in Congress (livescience.com)
- Remind you of anything?.... (tagg-lines.com)
- Obama shifting climate strategy after GOP gains. (washingtonpost.com)
- Do the Election Results Halt All Action on Climate Change? | 80beats (blogs.discovermagazine.com)
- Obama environment agenda under threat from incoming Republicans (guardian.co.uk)
- Climate hawks make global warming denial into campaign issue (grist.org)
- Predicted Voter Turnout Favors Climate Opponents (nytimes.com)
- Scientist Creates a Bot to Argue About Climate Change for Him on Twitter (slog.thestranger.com)
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- Global Warming Likely to Get Cool Reception in Congress (livescience.com)
- Obama shifting climate strategy after GOP gains. (washingtonpost.com)
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Thursday, November 4, 2010
Groundwater Threat To Rivers Worse Than Suspected
![]() Groundwater and surface water interact in complex ways to determine the health of ecosystems. Image credit - Ian Overton, CSIRO. |
"Many rivers are highly dependent on 'base-flow' from groundwater to keep running through dry times and traditional ways of managing groundwater pumping follow a 'safe yield' approach which balances the amount of water extracted with the amount known to be 'recharging' the aquifer," Dr Rassam said.
However, the study, conducted at Tarcutta in NSW, showed that application of this 'safe yield' approach in times of low-flow can reduce recharge much more severe than previously thought.
"The yield of an aquifer must be considerably less than recharge to ensure sufficient water to maintain the quantity and quality of low flows in streams, springs, wetlands and other groundwater-dependent ecosystems," Dr Rassam said.
"Many people don't realise that groundwater discharge from shallow aquifers to surface water systems represents an environmentally critical component of the flow in most rivers.
"It's the groundwater discharging into the channel through the bed and banks of the stream that keeps it flowing during the dry period. Most rivers are basically sustained by groundwater during the dry season.
"What we found was that the impact on base-flow of reducing recharge might be small at first, but that each subsequent reduction of recharge has a disproportionately large impact on base-flow in the stream.
Related articles
- Groundwater Overuse Hitting All-Time Highs, Future Supplies Hitting Lows (treehugger.com)
- Groundwater Overuse Hitting All-Time Highs, Future Supplies Hitting Lows (treehugger.com)
- Rising Seas and the Groundwater Equation (green.blogs.nytimes.com)
- Groundwater depletion rate accelerating worldwide (eurekalert.org)
- Groundwater depletion rate accelerating worldwide (yubanet.com)
- Groundwater Depletion Rate Accelerating Worldwide (lockergnome.com)
- Bill Chameides: Where Has All The Water Gone? (huffingtonpost.com)
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Archaeological Sites Threatened By Rising Seas
![]() These are archaeological sites coded according to a Cultural Resource Vulnerability Index. Credit: Leslie Reeder |
Writing in the Journal of Coastal Conservation and using California's Santa Barbara Channel as a case study, the researchers illustrate how quantifiable factors such as historical rates of shoreline change, wave action, coastal slope and shoreline geomorphology can be used to develop a scientifically sound way of measuring the vulnerability of individual archaeological sites.
They then propose developing an index of the sites most at risk so informed decisions can be made about how to preserve or salvage them.
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- Scientists issue call to action for archaeological sites threatened by rising seas (eurekalert.org)
- Scientists issue call to action for archaeological sites threatened by rising seas (scienceblog.com)
- Scientists issue call to action for archaeological sites threatened by rising seas (physorg.com)
- Archaeological sites threatened by rising seas: Scientists issue call to action (sciencedaily.com)
- "Oil spill reveals Gulf archaeological sites" and related posts (thehistoryblog.com)
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Scientists Urge Faster Installation Of Global Ocean Monitor System
![]() Scientists explore on and beneath polar ice. Their aircraft remotely sense animals through properties of scattered light. Marine animals themselves carry tags that store records of their travels and dives and communicate with satellites. Fish carry tags that revealed their migration past acoustic listening lines. Sounds that echoed back to ships portray schools of fish assembling, swimming, and commuting up and down. Standardized frames and structures dropped near shores and on reefs provide information for comparing diversity and abundance. Manned and unmanned undersea vehicles plus divers photograph sea floors and cliffs. Deep submersibles sniff and videotape smoking seafloor vents. And nets and dredges catch specimens, shallow and deep, for closest study. Credit: E. Paul Oberlander / Census of Marine Life |
Marine life patterns, water temperature, sea level, and polar ice cover join acidity and other variables in a list of ocean characteristics that can and should be tracked continuously through the expanded deployment of existing technologies in a permanent, integrated global monitoring system, scientists say.
The Partnership for Observation of the Global Oceans (POGO), representing 38 major oceanographic institutions from 21 countries and leading a global consortium called Oceans United, will urge government officials and ministers meeting in Beijing Nov. 3-5 to help complete an integrated global ocean observation system by target date 2015.
It would be the marine component of a Global Earth Observation System of Systems under discussion in Beijing by some 71 member nations of the intergovernmental Group on Earth Observations.
The cost to create an adequate monitoring system has been estimated at $10 billion to $15 billion in assets, with $5 billion in annual operating costs
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- Speed installation of system to monitor vital signs of global ocean, scientists urge (scienceblog.com)
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- Scientists: Big Brother Network for Ailing Oceans Overdue (livescience.com)
- Better monitoring urged for ailing oceans by 2015 (reuters.com)
- Making Marine Life Count: A New Baseline for Policy (plosbiology.org)
- 1st census shows life in planet ocean is richer, more connected, more altered than expected (eurekalert.org)
- Scientists finish first sea census (cosmiclog.msnbc.msn.com)
- The Amazing Findings of the Marine Census (ecocentric.blogs.time.com)
- Saving the ocean one island at a time (guardian.co.uk)
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Increased Arctic Shipping Could Accelerate Climate Change
|
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- Increased Arctic Shipping Means Even More Warming & Less Ice (treehugger.com)
- As Arctic warms, increased shipping likely to accelerate climate change (physorg.com)
- Arctic shipping will hasten ice melt, study says (theprovince.com)
- Increased Arctic Shipping Means Even More Warming & Less Ice (treehugger.com)
- Global Warming's Silver Lining For the Arctic Rim (news.slashdot.org)
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Earth's climate change 20,000 years ago reversed the circulation of the Atlantic Ocean
Earth's climate change 20,000 years ago reversed the circulation of the Atlantic Ocean
An international team of investigators under the leadership of two researchers from the UAB demonstrates the response of the Atlantic Ocean circulation to climate change in the past. Global warming today could have similar effects on ocean currents and could accelerate climate change.
An international team of investigators under the leadership of two researchers from the UAB demonstrates the response of the Atlantic Ocean circulation to climate change in the past. Global warming today could have similar effects on ocean currents and could accelerate climate change.
Related articles
- Climate Reversed Atlantic Ocean Circulation in Past (planetsave.com)
- Earth's climate change 20,000 years ago reversed the circulation of the Atlantic Ocean (eurekalert.org)
- Science Shots: Climate Shifts Everywhere (motherjones.com)
- Atlantic Ocean flow reversed 10,00 years ago, slowing down again (arstechnica.com)
- Backtracked Atlantic 10,000 Years Ago (socyberty.com)
- Study: Atlantic Ocean's waters reversed direction (msnbc.msn.com)
- imabonehead: Atlantic Ocean's Waters Reversed Direction, Study Finds (ouramazingplanet.com)
- Atlantic Ocean's Waters Reversed Direction, Study Finds (livescience.com)
- Atlantic Ocean Off NJ, NY - Atlantic Ocean, NJ (travelpod.com)
- Brazil Climate Modellers to Go Global With Tupa Cray XT6 (insidehpc.com)
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Volcanoes have shifted Asian rainfall
http://www.physorg.com/news/2010-11-volcanoes-shifted-asian-rainfall.html
Scientists have long known that large volcanic explosions can affect the weather by spewing particles that block solar energy and cool the air. Some suspect that extended "volcanic winters" from gigantic blowups helped kill off dinosaurs and Neanderthals. In the summer following Indonesia's 1815 Tambora eruption, frost wrecked crops as far off as New England, and the 1991 blowout of the Philippines' Mount Pinatubo lowered average global temperatures by 0.7 degrees F -- enough to mask the effects of manmade greenhouse gases for a year or so.
Scientists have long known that large volcanic explosions can affect the weather by spewing particles that block solar energy and cool the air. Some suspect that extended "volcanic winters" from gigantic blowups helped kill off dinosaurs and Neanderthals. In the summer following Indonesia's 1815 Tambora eruption, frost wrecked crops as far off as New England, and the 1991 blowout of the Philippines' Mount Pinatubo lowered average global temperatures by 0.7 degrees F -- enough to mask the effects of manmade greenhouse gases for a year or so.
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- Devastating volcanoes wiped out the Neanderthals [Mad Archaeology] (io9.com)
- Indonesian volcano spews towering hot ash clouds (ctv.ca)
- Villagers evacuated from slopes of Indonesian volcano return home to check on their crops (foxnews.com)
- Indonesian volcano unleashes biggest eruption (msnbc.msn.com)
- Indonesian volcano spews hot ash; toll rises to 44 (seattletimes.nwsource.com)
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Monday, November 1, 2010
Is The Ice At The South Pole Melting
![]() It has long been known that the Pacific El Nino climate phenomenon and the snowfall in Antarctica are linked. |
Two areas in Antarctica are of particular interest because of their potential sensitivity to global climate change: the Antarctic Peninsula, which is currently experiencing a warming exceeding the global mean and the disappearance of large ice shelf areas, and the Amundsen Sector of West Antarctica, where currently the largest flow rates and mass loss of the Antarctic Ice Sheet is occurring.
For some glaciers the ice thickness is decreasing rapidly, and glaciers and ice streams are notably retreating back into the interior. With 0.3 millimeters per year, both regions are currently contributing considerably to the global sea level change of about three millimeters per year.
In the study, the mass balance of both regions is reevaluated from gravity data of the satellite mission GRACE. As a result, the estimates were lower than those of conventional mass balance methods.
"With the GRACE time series, it was for the first time possible to observe how the large-scale ice mass varies in the two areas due to fluctuations in rainfall from year to year," said the GFZ scientists Ingo Sasgen.
It has long been known that the Pacific El Nino climate phenomenon and the snowfall in Antarctica are linked. The complementary piece to the warm phase El Nino, the cold phase known as La Nina, also affects the Antarctic climate: "The cooler La Nina years lead to a strong low pressure area over the Amundsen Sea, which favors heavy rainfall along the Antarctic Peninsula - the ice mass is increasing there.
In contrast, the Amundsen area is dominated by dry air from the interior during this time. El Nino years with their warm phase lead to precisely the opposite pattern: reduced rainfall and mass loss in the Antarctic Peninsula, and an increase in the Amundsen Sectorfield, respectively" explains Professor Maik Thomas, head of the section "Earth System Modelling" at the German Research Centre for Geosciences (Helmholtz Association).
The recording of the entire ice mass of the South Pole and its variations is a central task in climate research and still raises many unanswered questions. In principle, the study could show that the continuous gravity data of the GRACE satellite mission contain another important medium-term climate signal.
Related articles
- Is the ice at the South Pole melting? (yubanet.com)
- Is the ice at the South Pole melting? (eurekalert.org)
- Is the ice at the South Pole melting? (physorg.com)
- Is the ice at the South Pole melting? (scienceblog.com)
- Is the ice at the South Pole melting? Gravity field satellites observe Antarctic ice mass fluctuations due to El Niño (sciencedaily.com)
- "Why Antarctic sea ice is increasing despite warming climate" and related posts (taragana.com)
Sunday, October 31, 2010
EPA Administrator Names Executive Director for New Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Task Force
WASHINGTON – U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lisa P. Jackson has named John H. Hankinson, Jr. to be the executive director of the newly established Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Task Force. President Obama signed an executive order earlier this month establishing the task force, which will coordinate efforts to implement restoration programs and projects in the gulf coast region. Jackson, a New Orleans native, was named as chair of the task force due to her considerable involvement in the Obama Administration’s immediate response efforts following the BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill and her knowledge and extensive experience in environmental issues – factors that will be central in spurring actions to help to restore the region’s ecosystem while providing important support for the economy.
“We’re pleased that John has accepted this responsibility and is willing once again to step up and serve the people of the gulf coast. He will play an instrumental role in fulfilling our commitment to a full and lasting restoration of this area,” said EPA Administrator Lisa P. Jackson. “John’s longtime experience with these issues and this region, along with his proven ability to get things done, will be invaluable assets in what is sure to be a long-term, hard-fought battle to restore the waters of the gulf. I have every confidence in him.”
“I spent my childhood on the gulf and I am proud and honored to have the opportunity to carry out the president’s commitment to restoring this vital ecosystem,” Hankinson said. “I look forward to hearing from everyone in the gulf coast – from community groups to businesses to scientists – as we go about restoring a national treasure that also happens to be an economic engine for the entire region.”
Hankinson has spent 30 years working on environmental issues in the private, public and non-profit sectors. The Florida native has brought together industry, government and stakeholder groups to form partnerships to restore ecosystems across the southeast. He has worked on the National Estuary Program in the Gulf of Mexico and directed the development and implementation of a water quality protection plan for the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. He has over 10 years experience overseeing the restoration and protection of the St. Johns River system in Florida. Hankinson currently serves as an environment and conservation lands consultant, advising on land conservation, strategic land use decision-making, and constructive environmental management and policy projects across the Southeastern United States. He served as regional administrator of EPA region 4 from 1994-2001.
As the executive director of the Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Task Force, Hankinson – who will report directly to Administrator Jackson – will coordinate interagency efforts, oversee staff and outreach efforts develop a regional ecosystem restoration strategy and ensure that science underpins the task force’s efforts. Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida will each have a state representative on the task force. The representatives will be selected by the governors of each gulf state and then appointed by President Obama, along with one senior official from each of several federal agencies, including the departments of Defense, Justice, Interior, Agriculture, Commerce and Transportation. The task force will also integrate local stakeholders, representatives from affected tribes, and the scientific and academic communities. The task force will have a presence in each of the gulf states, in addition to Washington, D.C.
Administrator Jackson will hold the first meeting of the Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Task Force on November 8 in Pensacola, Fla. More information about that meeting will be announced as it becomes available.
Related articles
- Obama orders Gulf restoration task force (cnn.com)
- Obama Praised for Signing Executive Order Creating Gulf Ecosystem Restoration Task Force (prnewswire.com)
- Congressional action is needed to realize Gulf Coast restoration commitment made by President Obama (switchboard.nrdc.org)
- 'We will finish the job' - Obama vows commitment in Gulf (politico.com)
- Gulf Coast Restoration Task Force Gets Under Way (news.sciencemag.org)
- Vikki N. Spruill: Six Months Later: Keeping Faith in the Gulf (huffingtonpost.com)
- President Obama Orders Help for Gulf Coast Ecosystem (doyourpart.com)
- Gulf coast restoration delayed is justice denied (thehill.com)
- Panel Wants BP Fines to Pay for Gulf Restoration (nytimes.com)
- Plan Puts Meat on Obama Pledge to Stand by Damaged Gulf (switchboard.nrdc.org)
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